The article discusses the formation of psychological culture of future teachers in the process of primary professionalization. The approaches to the understanding of the psychological culture of a teacher are analyzed, the essence of the concept of "psychological culture of teachers" is disclosed, the basis of which is the system of conscious special psychological values that are creatively used and multiplied in the process of professional activity. Psychological culture of the teacher requires a high level of professional knowledge, therefore the most important components of psychological culture is the culture of thinking, communication and self-regulation. The significance of psychological culture in pedagogical activity as a factor of increasing the efficiency of psychological and pedagogical activity is disclosed. The following components of psychological culture are analyzed: communication, motivation, characterological, reflective, empirical, intellectual, psychophysiological. Each of these components must be formed, trained and developed in teacher in the form of appropriate values and creatively used and multiplied in professional activities. The following organizational-methodological and psychological conditions of formation of psychological culture of the future teacher in the process of high school preparation are proposed: organization of specific, scientifically proven psychological training, formation of positive motivation to the development of psychological culture, active introduction of reflective procedures in the organization of teaching and learning activities, formation the skills of self-regulation by means of socio-psychological training, personal development training, simulation, role and business games. Formation of psychological culture of a teacher is a long process that occurs through the formation of its components and requires considerable efforts from the future teachers.