The purpose of the article is to study the specifics of the professional self-actualization of the teacher of the primary school, his becoming a specialist. In the process of research, the following methods were used: theoretical (analysis, synthesis, comparison, classification) - for the study and analysis of philosophical, psychological and pedagogical literature in order to clarify the essence of the concepts of “self-realization”, “professional self-realization”, empirical (observation, questioning) - for determination of the level of understanding of the teachers of the primary classes of the specifics of professional self-realization. Professional self-realization of primary school teachers requires the creation of an appropriate environment that would stimulate self-realization and professional self-realization as a personal as well as social value and would contribute to the development of the necessary skills and abilities. Creating a supportive psychological atmosphere and appropriate conditions allow teachers to study and change themselves to certain ideals and guidelines. The aspiration of the teacher to self-realization is regarded as a manifestation of human nature, the personal form of human existence in the profession, as one of the main values of the educational process. Professional self-realization of primary school teachers is a gradual professional formation based on an optimal correlation of positive motivation of pedagogical activity, certainty of acmeological priorities and productive involvement of teachers in practical activity. The problem of professional self-realization of the individual and the teacher of elementary school in particular is always relevant, because the need for self-realization is natural for a person who is capable of personal and creative activity, designing his own life path, seeks to as far as possible comprehensively understand and distinguish his own potential capabilities that will be realistic, embodied in its activities and behavior. Further research needs to be explored of the need for professional self-realization of future primary school teachers.