The article deals with the problem of forming viability of adolescents, such as adolescents from single-parent families. The results of leading foreign and local scholars who have studied the influence of parents on the formation of resilience in adolescents have been overwieved and systematized. The concepts "vitality" and "sustainability" and their relationship have been analyzed and singled out. Psychological features of the formation of resilience in adolescents from single-parent families have been defined. The important role of the family, child-parent relationships in shaping adolescent resilience of single parent families has been proved.