The problem of a healthy lifestyle children in historical perspective has been analyzed in the article. Scientific views of various eras to the problem of a healthy lifestyle and parenting have been analyzed. The features of a healthy lifestyle different countries and periods. Attention is paid to Ukrainian national features a healthy lifestyle children. It is proved that understanding the essence of a healthy lifestyle acquired the status of scientific views that organic system formed under the influence of geopolitical, socioeconomic factors, adjusted progressive theories and best teaching experience different times. Today, concern for the health of young people, a culture of healthy living is determined priority. Declared society need health and competitiveness of nations is possible only if a clear understanding of the basics of quality and length of human life are laid in childhood and pre-school child care is a combination of various characteristics of not only her physical and mental, but also moral development, providing a certain level of mental and physical performance and prompt adequate adaptation to the natural and social environment. This view of the problem of a healthy lifestyle requires serious attention to the child as a carrier of its potential. Analysis of historical and pedagogical literature gives reason to believe that the idea of a healthy personality accompanied all the way to the development of civilization. Thus, social and political environment of the ancient world domination led training objectives of strong, resilient, courageous people to support and protect the existing system. Concern for the education of healthy personality defined objective need efficient functioning of society. Education physically healthy, strong personality cult had character and was seen as a necessary condition for the formation of a coherent whole person. Focusing on the problem of healthy life due to its polifaktornistyu and necessity in the context of successful operation and progress of cultural, social and political structures.